Government Legislation & Publications: Australian Government (Federal)

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Key to library resources

Access anywhere with a library card In the Library (or anywhere with a Library card for NSW residents)
Available to access in the library Only in the Library
Publicly available online Publicly available

Bills and Explanatory Memoranda (EMs)

Finding Commonwealth Bills and Explanatory memoranda (EMs)

Finding second reading speeches

Online (1981+)

Find a second reading speech using the Parliamentary Library's ParlInfo site, 'Second reading speeches for a bill'. Type in the name of the Bill or keyword. Enter a date range to limit your search.

In print (1901+)

  1. You will need the name of the Bill or amending Bill and the year passed
  2. Locate the volume of Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
  3. Use either Index to subjects or Index to speeches in relevant volume
    • Index to subjects, Bills are listed alphabetically by title
    • Index to speeches, Speeches are listed alphabetically by Name of Member of Parliament
  4. See First reading, second reading, third reading speeches are listed with page number for that volume.

Glossary

Amendment: Change or alteration to existing legislation or acts.

Bills: A draft of a new Act or a draft of an amendment to alter an existing Act. Statutes or Acts of Parliament, start life as a Bill. A Bill must pass through a process of 2 readings in both upper and lower houses of Parliament before it becomes law.

Bills digests: Bills Digests are written to assist members of Parliament when they consider a bill. Bills Digests reflect the relevant legislation as introduced and do not canvass subsequent amendments or developments.

Commencement: An act comes into force 28 days after it is assent to, or on a day or days to be appointed by proclamation. A clause, stating whether the act comes into force by assent or proclamation, usually appears at the beginning of each bill.

Explanatory memorandum: A paper which explains the purpose and details of bills or regulations, usually in a simple and non-technical way.

Royal assent: The signing of a bill by the Governor-General, which is the last step in making a bill into an Act of Parliament, or law.

Second reading speech: The second stage of a Bills progress through each house of Parliament. It contains the majority of the debate about a proposed law.

What is a Bill?

A Bill is a proposal for a law or a change to an existing law. A bill becomes law (an Act) when agreed to in identical form by both houses of Parliament and assented to by the Governor-General. (Parliament of Australia)

For more information see Bills and Laws factsheet (Parliamentary Education Office)

Bills Digests

Bills Digests are written to assist members of Parliament when they consider a bill. Bills Digests reflect the relevant legislation as introduced and do not canvass subsequent amendments or developments.

What is an Explanatory Memorandum (EM)?

Explanatory Memoranda are publications that explain the content of a Commonwealth Bill or Regulation. It uses simple, non-legal terms and may be used to interpret legislation.

Finding Explanatory Memoranda

1982+

Since 1982, Explanatory Memoranda (EM) accompany every Commonwealth Government Bill introduced into the Parliament

Online:

In print at the State Library:

  • Explanatory Memoranda are bound with corresponding Bills where available
  • Request Bill from stack storage NQ346.94/5

1901-1982

1901 to 1982, there was no easy way of knowing if Explanatory Memoranda had been produced for a particular Bill. The online Index to Explanatory Memoranda now makes it possible to know if an EM was produced.

  • If available, Explanatory Memoranda are bound with corresponding Bills
  • Request Bill from stack storage NQ346.94/5