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The records of County Record Offices in the M Series are an essential supplement to Home Office records.
Whilst the Home Office administered London Central Criminal Court (Old Bailey) the counties had their own criminal courts, the Quarter sessions and Assizes. The records also include Calendars of Prisoners in local gaols.
The Convict Transportation Registers 1788-1868 from the National Archives of Ireland is another major collection, as up to a third of all convicts sent to Australia were from Ireland.
Records also include logbooks of convict ships to penal settlements in NSW, Norfolk Island, Tasmania and Western Australia.